Request a Default Judgment by Clerk

1

Make sure defendant has actually missed their deadline

• Deadline: 
  Personal service—30 calendar days from service
• Substituted service – 40 calendar days from follow-up mailing (longer if outside Cal.)

The defendant has 30 days from the date of personal service to file his or her response. If the defendant was served by substituted service, service is considered complete on the 10^th day after the follow-up mailing required to complete substituted service (CCP § 415.20(a)), so, as a practical matter, the default cannot be taken until more than 40 days have passed after this mailing.

If the last day is a weekend or holiday, the deadline extends until the next business day. The first day you can file your Request for Default is the 31st (or 41st) day.

Declaration of Venue: As discussed above, you must also have served the Declaration of Venue, either with the complaint or later, and waited 30 (or 40) days if served separately.

2

Choose entry of default only, or entry of default and clerk’s judgment

Obtaining a default judgment involves two steps: the request for entry of default and the request for entry of clerk’s judgment. You can request both at the same time, or you can take these steps at different times.

Entry of Default only: If you want to cut off the defendant from responding as soon as possible, but you need additional time to get all the paperwork ready for the judgment, file the Request for Entry of Default (CIV-100) now and the request for judgment later. Here are the steps:

• Fill out Request for Entry of Default (CIV-100) and sign it. A sample filled-in form with instructions is available in the Forms section of this guide.
• Make three copies.
• Have someone else (a person over 18 who is not a party to the case) serve (mail) one copy to the defendant. On the rest of the copies, have the server fill out and sign Item 6 on page 2 (“Declaration of Mailing”).
• File the original and both copies with the Clerk.
• Complete the rest of this guide when you are ready to request the judgment. Your deadline is within 45 days after entry of default, unless you ask the court for an extension.

Entry of Default and Clerk’s Judgment: If you have all the paperwork you need to request the judgment as well, you can request it at the same time as the entry of default, on the same form. The additional paperwork is fairly simple.

For the rest of this guide, we will assume you are filing both steps simultaneously.

3

Complete the necessary forms

The Judicial Council and local Sacramento County forms commonly used in this procedure are:

• Request for Entry of Default (CIV-100)
• Judgment by Default by Clerk (CV/E-121)
• (If you are not in Sacramento County, use Judgment (JUD-100) or your local form)
• Request for Dismissal (CIV-110), if dismissing other parties (see Step 4)
• Declaration re: Accrual of Interest (MC-030), if claiming pre-judgment interest (see Step 5)
• Memorandum of Costs (MC-010), if claiming court costs (see Step 6)

Sample filled-in forms with instructions are available at the end of this Guide.

You will also need to provide:

• The original Summons if not yet filed, or a file-stamped copy, if already filed
• The original Proof of Service of Summons, if not yet filed, or a file-stamped copy if already filed
• Proof of Service of Declaration of Venue, if not listed on the Proof of Service of Summons
• A copy of the contract, with caption cover sheet, if it was not attached to the complaint. Use Declaration (MC-030) as the cover sheet.

4

Dismiss any other parties (DOES)

Before you can obtain a judgment, you must dismiss any parties other than the party(ies) in default. This usually means any DOES you included in the Complaint. If you did not name anyone other than the party(ies) in default, skip this step.

To dismiss parties, fill out Request for Dismissal (CIV-110). A sample filled-in form with instructions is available at the end of this Guide.

5

Complete your Declaration re: Accrual of Interest

Many contracts include interest on a loan or on overdue payments in addition to the principal amount owed. To obtain any pre-judgment interest you claimed in your Complaint, you must prepare a declaration to the court showing how you calculated that amount. You may use Declaration (MC-030) for this declaration. A sample is included at the end of this Guide, which you can adapt to fit your own facts and circumstances.

In breach of contract cases, pre-judgment interest will accrue at the rate of interest specified in the contract; if no rate is specified, interest will accrue at 10% per year. Civ § 3287(c) caps pre-judgment interest in cases against a government entity at 7% per year.

To calculate your pre-judgment interest, you must determine the daily rate of interest and multiply that by the number of days for which interest should accrue. For example, if a loan of $15,000 with a 10% interest rate was breached 200 days ago, the prejudgment interest calculation would be:

$15,000 x 10% = $1500 interest per year
$1500 ÷ 365 = $4.11 interest per day
$4.11 x 200 = $822 prejudgment interest

You may use the judgment calculator on the San Diego Court’s website to determine the amount of interest. When using this calculator, enter the date the contract was breached in the field for “judgment date.” This will calculate interest from that date to the date you run the calculation. The calculator will show you the daily interest rate, which you can use if you need to adjust your calculations.

6

Complete and serve Memorandum of Costs, if using

If you have court costs that you want to recover, fill out the Memorandum of Costs (MC-010). If you were granted a fee waiver, you will probably not need this form.

If you do use the form,

• Fill it out – it should be simple. Since the case is ending with a default, you should not have many costs to list – probably filing fees and the cost of service.
• Have it served on the other party, and have the server fill out page 2.

7

Copy and assemble documents

Make three (3) copies of each:

• Request for Dismissal (CIV-110), if applicable
• Request for Entry of Default (CIV-100)
• Declaration re: Accrual of Interest (MC-030)
• Judgment by Default by Clerk (CV/E-121)

Staple each photocopy, but leave the originals unstapled. The originals will be scanned into the court’s filing system, and the staple will damage the scanner. Set aside one photocopy of each document for service on the other party. For the remaining copies of each document, place the original on top of its photocopies, and paperclip them together.

8

Have your documents served

You must have someone over the age of 18 who is not a party in the case mail a set of the photocopies you made in Step 7 to the defendant. This person must then complete a Proof of Service by Mail (POS-030). Make two photocopies of the signed proof of service. See the Step-by-Step guide on Serving Documents by Mail for more information.

9

File your documents

You must file the original and two (2) remaining photocopies of:

• Request for Entry of Default (CIV-100)
• Declaration re: Accrual of Interest (MC-030)
• Judgment by Default by Clerk (CV/E-121) (or JUD-100 if outside Sacramento)
• Request for Dismissal (CIV-110), if applicable
• Proof of Service (POS-030) for all of the above documents, from Step 8
• Memorandum of Costs (MC-010) with Proof of Service (p2) complete, if you are using it
• Original Summons (SUM-100) (if not yet filed), or filed endorsed (stamped) copy
• Proof of Service of Summons (POS-010) (if not yet filed), or filed endorsed (stamped) copy

In Sacramento, if you do not have filed endorsed copies of the Summons and Proof of Service of Summons, you may download them from the court’s online Public Case access system (free) or by using the courthouse kiosks.

If needed, you must also file:

• Copy of written contract, with cover sheet (use Declaration (MC-030) as cover sheet) (if not attached to complaint)
• Proof of Service of Declaration of Venue (if served separate from Summons)

In Sacramento, file your documents in the drop box in Room 102 in the Sacramento Superior Court at 720 Ninth Street. Fill out and attach the Civil Document Drop-Off Sheet, and date stamp the back of each original document. A supply of Civil Document Drop-Off Sheets and a date stamp are located near the drop box. Include a self-addressed stamped envelope with enough postage to mail your documents back to you.

Although the court cannot tell you exactly when your default will be processed, every Friday they publish a list of dates that they have reached in processing particular document types. You may see this list on the Court’s Civil webpage.

10

After you receive your Judgment, serve Judgment and Notice of Entry of Judgment on defendant

If your judgment is approved, the court will mail you a signed copy. Fill out a Notice of Entry of Judgment.

Make one photocopy of Judgment and Notice of Entry of Judgment, and have them served on the defendant by mail, by someone over the age of 18 who is not a party in the case. The server must then complete a Proof of Service by Mail (POS-030).

Make a photocopy of the signed proof of service, and file the original and photocopy with the court. See our Step-by-Step guide on Serving Documents by Mail for more information.